The lying, thieving, arseholes of NASA
The retards at NASA have "patented" the use of a single point diamond tool to cut the final profile of an optical grade mirror, in Alumium (Invented by Humpty Davros king of the Darleks), and then lapping it with India ink, which is essentially carbon (soot) and water - and the diluting that out for an ultrafine lap.
For starters, I formulate inks and dyes, with a variety of solvents, pigments and binders. I have even formulated carbon based inks, that will outlast eternity...... It's a specialist area of extreme ageing, hermetic sealing, issues of irradiation, molecular disintergration, controlled atmospheres etc., to push the capacity of the ageability of paper based text beyond the limits of human imagination. But plain ochre or mineral pigments on rock, will last almost indefinitely too - in the right conditions.
Anyway - India Ink - I have mastered and refined its creation and production, mainly because Ilove the absolute blackness and flow of a properly formulated ink.
In terms of this article - India Ink is no mystery - people have been creating it from soot and water (with gelatin and assorted gums and resins) for squillions of years - from the black shit from the first fires...
Carbon, is plain, fucking hard - and the only difference between the soot carbon, and the diamond carbon, is the little bits of carbon, have bonded into a single large crystal.
And the soot carbon, comes in extremely small particle sizes - in an fairly high precision optical sense.
The trouble is that with this bullshit NASA patent, is that there are squillions of historical precedents in atomic force microscopy, from using diamond pointed tool, to follow the contours of atoms - which are way finer than a machining tool, and single point diamond tools have been used to machine all sorts of things, including the final cuts in optical mirrors, in aluminium.
And using carbon as a cutting compound, with the differentiant, of cutting, meaning scratchy, and polishing, meaning shiny (or extremely fines scratches) varies from coal powder, charcoal, soot, and even graphite - for graphite, that smooth, slippery shiny black-ish shit - which is basically pure carbon;
When the graphite is heated to removed the absorbed water vapour, it's pure ultrafine grinding compound...
Carbon as an abrasive, especially in the older mechanically injected diesels, and carburetted engines, is largely responsible for rubbing away exhaust valve stems and guides - the black soot, is an extremely fine and nasty abrasive - in fact when that exhaust valve opens, a slug of gas containing soot, hits the extended and slightly oiled valve stem, and injects ever so slightly, into the gap at the valve guide to valve interface.
When the valve begins to close, it draws in all the little soot particles with it.
Into the gap between the valve and the valve guide.
And as fine as it is, the carbon particles will grind away anything and everything.
Especially with a fast, high rate of rubbing, for a long period of time.
The lying shits at NASA, even allude to "their own particular formulation of India ink", containing oil - Oh you mean, just like engine oil (with dispersants and detergents) carrying soot - which basically makes engine oil go black....
So I highlighted that in red bold text.
And from the first brass, copper and silver mirrors, people have been polishing them with soot. every time you polish a cast iron pot, pan or stove, with black, soot based polish - your polishing metal with carbon - and that has been going on for thousands of years.
When your polishing your shoes with black, wax and carbon black based pigment - and your brass eyelets and buckles, shine up - it's from the abrasice effects of the carbon.
In the words of Homer Simpson, "Mmmmmm - patent."
Patent my fucking arsehole.
And even the hot dry soot from candles can be used as an ultrafine grinding compound (superfinishing polish).
There is nothing new about polishing anything with carbon based compounds - thieves.
In fact it's as original as patenting left handed dish washing liquid.
http://www.techbriefs.com/component/content/article/ntb/tech-briefs/manufacturing-and-prototyping/1831
Process for Polishing Bare Aluminum to High Optical Quality
- Created: Thursday, 01 February 2001
India-ink polishing following single-point diamond turning yields superior aluminum optics.
A process for making precise, high-quality curved or flat mirror surfaces on bare aluminum substrates has been devised. The process consists of (1) diamond turning to establish the desired surface figure, followed by (2) a polishing subprocess that is mostly conventional except for the composition of the polishing compound. This process can maintain a surface figure accurate to within a peak-to-valley error of as little as 1/8 wavelength (at a wavelength of 6,328 Å) and can produce a finish characterized by a root-mean-square roughness of <8 Å. Hence, the process creates possibilities for the fabrication of precise scientific-instrument mirrors (see figure) that, because they could be made entirely of aluminum, would be lightweight, relatively inexpensive, and thermally stable over wide temperature ranges.
An Aluminum Mirror is produced to high optical quality using India ink and single-point diamond turning.
To obtain higher optical surface quality, it has been necessary to deposit a thin coat of electroless nickel on a diamond-turned aluminum substrate, then conventionally polish the nickel coat. The disadvantages of this approach are that plating nickel onto aluminum is difficult and expensive, bimetallic thermal stresses can distort the optical surface of the mirror, and there is risk of polishing through the nickel coat in one or more spots. In the latter case, it is necessary to strip the entire coat, redeposit a new nickel coat, and begin polishing anew.
In both conventional practice and the present process, polishing involves the use of a lap that is coated with a polishing compound and liquid carrier and is moved semirandomly and repeatedly over the substrate surface.
Conventionally, the liquid carrier is often water. The major distinguishing feature of the present polishing subprocess is that India ink (either alone or diluted with water) is used as both a polishing compound and the liquid carrier. (India ink has been used in the past in this way to polish metals, but not, until now, as an ingredient in an integrated diamond-turning/polishing process for finishing aluminum to precise surface figure and high optical quality.)
The present polishing subprocess consists of two stages. In the first stage, the diamond-turned surface is polished with a mixture of 0.25-µm diamond powder, distilled water, and India ink. In the second stage, polishing is started with pure India ink, and then the ink is slowly diluted with water. Polishing is continued until the desired specification is achieved.
The success of this process has been attributed partly to the carbon particles in India ink. These particles are small and hard enough to provide the correct action between the substrate and lap so as not to cause severe scratching or cold flow of the substrate. In addition, the liquid portion of the ink includes an oily base that acts as an excellent lubricant during polishing. After years of experimentation with known conventional polishing materials and combinations thereof, India ink is thus far the only material known to be effective for polishing bare aluminum.
This work was done by James J. Lyons and John J. Zaniewski of Goddard Space Flight Center. For further information, access the Technical Support Package (TSP) free on-line at www.nasatech.com/tsp under the Manufacturing & Prototyping category.
This invention is owned by NASA, and a patent application has been filed. Inquiries concerning nonexclusive or exclusive license for its commercial development should be addressed to the Patent Counsel, Goddard Space Flight Center; (301) 286-7351. Refer to GSC-14147.
Well fuck you NASA - I claim your invention as mine, and the rest of humanity, claims it as ours, from the first day that people shined things with black shit, long before you ever did.
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